Turonian Stage
The Turonian (94–90 Ma) is the second epoch of the Late Cretaceous, occurring after the Cenomanian, and before the Coniacian
Geologic Age
93.9–89.8±0.3 Ma
Eon / Era / Period / Epoch
What happened during this time?
An anoxic event took place at the beginning of the Turonian, which is called the "Bonarelli Event".
Evidence of pollen from Lactoridaceae
Fossil assemblages from Ferron Sandstone Member of the Mancos Shale Formation in Utah shows that large angiosperm trees grew during this time (Jud et al. 2018)
Paraphyllanthoxylon, an angiosperm possibly in the Lauraceae, grew to at least 50m (165 ft)
Above: Paraphyllanthoxylon
Additional Resources
DNA and 90 million-year-old pollen fossils reveal new insights into evolution of Asian tropics (Phys.org 13Mar2025)
└Kuhnhauser et al. (2025) Island geography drives evolution of rattan palms in tropical Asian rainforests